Check out Nietzsche's philosophy. Consider what he says, then arguing AGAINST or FOR his insights, apply his argument(s) to Meursault in a single paragraph.
Tomorrow we take a look CSAN (Character, Setting = Action, Narration) Square with its internal motive the TM Core (Tone = Mood) in The Stranger.
Mr. Whyte
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Ninetzsche speaks about an overman; an overman is a person who only follows himself. This person follows no laws but only accepts the ones he gives himself. Meursault is considered an overman, he follows no one but himself and only does as he wishes, pleasing no other person. Nihilism is the beliefe in nothing, Meursault, believes in no God. He believes that God gives no meaning or purpose to him and the life he lives. Eternal recurrences are a series of events that will happen for eternity. Meursault learns to accept his death because he will eventually die. He believes that humanity is born, will live their lives and eventually die.This is an example of eternal recurrence because life is a cycle that is ocurring to humanity every day. Will to power is the constant struggle for power and overcoming between wills, wills means that nothing in the universe can remain fixed in place for long. Society surrounds itself with laws and order. Humanity is forced to believe that nothing will fall apart and the system of laws cannot fail. In reality life is just time, everything falls apart over time and it is not long before the laws and order that keep humanity continuing in life also falls apart.
Eva Farias
Mr. Whyte
AP Literature & Composition
16 September 2008
Extra Credit Assignment: F. Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche was a philosopher who believed that god is dead. He did not see god as a literal person, but as an idea of morals. Since modern men’s morals are dying, Nietzsche believed that “god” is dead. According to Nietzsche, god is being killed by science and rationalism. He believed Christianity is a culture and a custom. People conform themselves to live a life passed on to them from generations, and that is the life Christian people live in Nietzsche’s point of view. Nietzsche also believed that if people came to the conclusion that god is dead, then that would be the end of morals. In The Stranger, by Albert Camus, Meursault relates to Friedrich Nietzsche’s conviction. He did not believe in god and saw him as a tradition, which he did not want to follow. During Meursault’s life, he was asked many times to accept god in his life, but he angrily refused. To Meursault god is dead and simply does not exist. As Nietzsche believed, since god was not alive there were no morals. Since god is dead to Meursault, then he did not have morals. Immorality lead Meursault to insensibility, and he did not care for his mother’s death; furthermore, he also killed a man illogically. Nietzsche’s philosophy was proven in the life of Meursault.
Yensi Deras
Mr.Whyte
AP English & Composition
16 September 2008
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche and Meursault
Friedrich Nietzsche, a nineteen century philosopher, wrote books like Daybreak, The Gay Science, and the Will to power. In Daybreak, he strongly criticize Judeo- Christian moral schemes and values. He believed they focused more on the eternal life rather than the life and realities of the world we live in. Similarly, the character Monsieur Meursault, in The Stranger, challenges society’s norms and values by not giving into their demands. He does not cry for his mother’s death, sign a paper to demonstrate his love, or show remorse for killing the arab. Society sees these actions as those caused by an insane person. Further, he does not give into the false hope of God being the savior of his sins and the promising eternal life. He even exclaims “ I had only a little time left and I didn’t want to waste it on God” (Camus 120). Nietzsche rejects the idea of God as well by using the metaphor “God is dead” in his book The Gay Science. Unlike Meursault that does not believe in God at all, Nietzsche attacks not the God itself but the idea that religion is a reliable source for forming society’s morals. He also did believe in an eternal life that repeated itself meaning one must make the most of the moment to enjoy it for the next time it passed. Hence, both Meursault and Nietzsche question society and offer a re-evaluation of its values. Even though Nietzsche hoped to integrate his ideas into society, Meursault just wanted to be left alone and freely think and do as he pleased. Nietzsche even said, “I do not want to accuse; I don’t even want to accuse does who accuse. Looking away should be my only negation…some day I wish to only be a Yes-sayer.” Both Nietzsche and Meursault though emphasize embracing life by accepting reality.
F. Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche a German philosopher during the 19th century wrote many texts on religion and morality. One of his works Daybreak, analyzes the didactic of certain religions of his day, such as Christianity. This text draws focus on the re-evaluation of values found in Christianity and encourages readers to seek more naturalistic ideas. In Daybreak, Nietzsche criticizes the morals of Christianity because people are punished for acting against the standards that are set for them. He calls on the brave and the strong to overcome the “chains” that society uses to bind and assert their power over people. Nietzsche’s ideas are similar to Meursault since Meursault questions the belief system that people in Algiers follow. Meursault shows his disinterest in religion when he defies the magistrate and refuses to accept God. This shows that he questions the moral of religion because he feels that it is a way for society to create structure and to imprison people into believing certain ideas. Meursault remains a nonconformist when he chooses to reject the magistrate’s religion but instead accepts the idea that death is inevitable. Meursault allows himself to live free from the fear of death thus isolating himself from the ideas of society. Meursault embodies Nietzsche’s idea of “The Will to Power,” which is an unpublished manuscript he wrote. He states that the will to power is the motivation behind human behavior to overcome the pressure of adapting to the world. Nietzsche philosophy connects to Meursault’s life for they both have beliefs that defy the standards that society sets.
Nietzsche and Meursault
Friedrich Nietzsche, a late nineteenth century German philosopher, has challenged many things; he has written books pertaining to religion and morality that left impressions. He has believed in the moment, and does not care or hope in any after life; the main idea to his philosophy is “life-affirmation” which involves honest questioning to all the teachings that diminish life’s energies. He questions the norms of society and religion, which believes in the eternal life after death, whereas he does not believe in the afterlife and lives in flow of reality. Often referred as one of the first existentialist philosopher, Nietzsche has written many books, two of which were Daybreak and The Will to Power. Believing that Christians concentrated more on the afterlife than the present life in reality, he vigorously criticizes Christianity’s morals and beliefs in Daybreak. Meursault, similarly, challenges the norms and moral values of society; he does not give into the desires and demands of society that everyone else is mesmerized by. For instance, he does not weep at his mother’s funeral, nor does he show any remorse when he murders the Arab. In The Will to Power, Nietzsche states that the “will to power” is the motivation behind human behavior to defy, yet overcome the pressures of adapting to the universe. Meursault incorporates this idea for he lives free from society and is not bound by the common beliefs of the norm. In one event, Meursault rejects the idea of hope, by which is the belief in God and the afterlife, offered by the chaplain; he accepts the reality in life, one of which is the inevitability of death. Nietzsche looks to reality and lives in the moment; he does not look for comfort from God and does not expect any afterlife. Similarly, Meursault goes with the flow and isolates himself from society; he embraces life by accepting the reality of life. Hence, both Nietzsche and Meursault both do not believe in the afterlife and challenges the norms; they embrace the reality of life.
Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher of the 19th century, who challenged the ideas of Christianity and the traditional morality. Nietzsche believed in the realities of the world we are in, and not of the ideas of the world beyond us. He believed that Christianity focuses only on the believes of an eternal life and the life beyond the real world, both of these, which do not deal with the real world. He wrote books like The Anti-Christ, Beyond Good and Evil, and The Will to Power. In The Will to Power, Nietzsche talks about the overman, a creature that is beyond Christian good and evil, who is supposed to replace the passive man. In The Anti-Christ, Nietzsche criticizes Christianity and says that it is just a belief and a practice. Nietzsche believed that Christianity has ideas that turn people into weak human beings, because Christianity talks about forgiving and similar things as being the highest qualities. This is seen in Albert Camus’s The Stranger with the Chaplain and Meursault. The Chaplain is so worried on forcing Meursault to believe in God and to believe in so many things out of this world. Meursault is more like Nietzsche, because Meursault is not worried about believing in God, because he does not feel a need of worrying about more things besides his life. Meursault sometimes thinks that his life is worthless and that there is no reason to live, so why would he worry about things like God and the world outside the real world.
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